INTRODUCTION

The drum kiln is one of the most widespread methods of coconut shell carbonization. It has 3 sets which consist of 6 holes, middle and upper layers and a lid. The drum also includes a chimney which is placed on the lid of the drum. Optimum carbonization of shell in a limited supply of oxygen provides good quality charcoal.

So, first of all, the raw shells must be put into the drum, leaving a 4 inch space in the centre of the drum, which plays an important role during carbonization allowing the flow of smoke. To start carbonization, a fire should be started in the middle of the circle using a piece of a coconut shell. Then, all the free space in the drum should be filled with raw materials. When the flames flare up, the chimney and the lid should be attached. The middle and the upper sets must be closed.  When some of shells shrink to the bottom, more coconut shells should be added up to the brim of the drum. It is done to fіll thе vоlumе rеductіоn tо maxіmіzе cаpаcіtу fоr burnіng. The process of carbonization begins at the bottom of the drum and goes up. When the carbozation is finished, it can be seen a glow in the 6 holes of a set of the particular zone. When the holes of the bottom zone indicate this glow it means that the bottom set is closed, while the middle set is opened. When the carbonization in the middle zone is completed, its holes are closed and the bottom holes are opened. Сlosing of the top set of the holes after the full carbonization in the top region stops the airflow into the drum. The charcoal could be gotten and packed after about 8 hours when the drum is cooled. It is important to check if the drum is completely cooled as little fire inside could rekindle the charcoal and burn it to ashes. In general, using drum method 30 thousand of coconut shells are needed to produce 1 ton of

coconut shell charcoal.